Volume 35, Issue 4 (2025)                   IJAUP 2025, 35(4) | Back to browse issues page

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Ghazi R, Ghazaie M. How Can the Built Environment and Studentification Explain Crime Occurrence in Urban Areas?. IJAUP 2025; 35 (4)
URL: http://ijaup.iust.ac.ir/article-1-881-en.html
How Can the Built Environment and Studentification Explain Crime Occurrence in Urban Areas?
Reza Ghazi1 , Mohammad Ghazaie *2
1- Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
2- Yazd University, Yazd, Iran , mohammad.ghazaie@yazd.ac.ir
Abstract:  
This study investigates crime, particularly robbery, in Mashhad, the second largest city in Iran. It examines whether urban facilities and students—representing the built environment and studentification—act as crime attractors or detractors. The study also introduces crime prevention strategies in urban contexts, focusing on crime detractors. To this aim, quantitative analysis and spatial statistics methods such as correlation, regression, Moran's I index, and Getis-Ord Gi are applied. These tools are used to explore the spatial distribution of robberies and their relationships with urban facilities and students. The findings reveal that robberies are often concentrated in impoverished and marginalized neighborhoods. Commercial, residential, educational, green spaces, farms, gardens, and warehousing generally act as robbery attractors. In contrast, cultural facilities and students, as culturally expressive social groups, serve as robbery detractors. Challenging the assumption of purely rational offenders, the study argues that crime is primarily driven by life necessities. Since most facilities attract crime, while cultural facilities and students reduce it, a culture-led crime prevention strategy is suggested as a potential pathway to lower crime rates.
Keywords: Crime prevention, Cultural facilities, Detractors, Robbery, Studentification, Urban facilities.
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Type of Study: Research Paper | Subject: Urban Planning
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