This paper delves into the reciprocal relationship between Geographic Information System (GIS) and landscape architecture, with a specific focus on the utilization of digital landscape models and visualization for the acquisition of planning knowledge. Rooted in the seminal contributions of Ian McHarg and Jack Dangermond, who were instrumental in pioneering GIS and layer planning in architecture, the study aspires to formulate a novel procedural theory for knowledge acquisition in landscape architecture. The research methodology adopts a theoretical and developmental approach, employing a qualitative systematic review analysis method. The study proposes an innovative approach to planning knowledge acquisition for landscape architects through the utilization of GIS, placing particular emphasis on visual presentations facilitated by digital landscape models and visualization models. The establishment of theoretical foundations is achieved by introducing the hierarchy of data, information, and knowledge, with a specific emphasis on the crucial role of knowledge management systems and decision support systems in the context of landscape architecture. The paper introduces a conceptual model that delineates the subsystems of knowledge management and decision support within the architectural information system. The findings and subsequent discussions underscore the significance of GIS in the acquisition of planning knowledge, emphasizing the cyclic nature of the process involving the creation, development, and experimentation with diverse options to achieve novel landscape architecture compositions. The paper introduces the Digital Visualization Model (DVM) and Digital Landscape Model (DLM) within the GIS framework, elucidating their respective roles in the landscape architecture composition cycle. In conclusion, the paper highlights the potency of GIS in environmental recognition and knowledge acquisition for landscape architects. It identifies three distinct approaches – GIS modeling, GIS analysis, and GIS visual presentation – and elucidates their seamless integration into the landscape planning process. GIS is acknowledged as a transformative force, enriching the formal interpretation of landscape architecture and paving the way for interdisciplinary exploration.