en Architectural Engineering Architectural Engineering Research Paper Research Paper <span style="font-size:10pt"><span style="line-height:112%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;"><span data-darkreader-inline-color="" style="color: black; --darkreader-inline-color: var(--darkreader-text-000000, #e8e6e3);"><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="line-height:112%">Classrooms are high-occupancy spaces where ventilation performance directly affects students&rsquo; health, attention, and learning. While natural ventilation (NV) is widely promoted as a low-energy means of improving indoor air quality (IAQ) and reducing dependence on mechanical systems, design guidance is often fragmented across disciplines and reported in forms that are difficult to translate into early architectural decisions. This study addresses that gap by converting dispersed evidence into an architect-readable, multi-scale decision framework for naturally ventilated school classrooms. The research integrates (i) a systematic evidence synthesis of international and Iranian evidence primarily published between 2000 and 2025 and (ii) a rubric-guided case-selection procedure to identify well-documented school precedents for comparative interpretation. The final dataset comprises 117 sources, including peer-reviewed papers, theses/dissertations, standards and regulations, and books. Results are structured across interconnected architectural scales&mdash;site and massing, plan and section, fa&ccedil;ade and openings, and NV-supporting components&mdash;showing how early design moves shape airflow paths, controllability, and operational feasibility under variable outdoor conditions. The paper contributes a replicable workflow (evidence synthesis plus rubric-based case screening) and a design-oriented framework that translates ventilation evidence into prioritized architectural decisions and supports robust NV classroom design under real-world constraints such as seasonal variability, outdoor pollution, noise, security, safety, and user operation.</span></span></i></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; Natural ventilation, school classrooms, indoor air quality, architectural design, airflow control 0 0 http://ijaup.iust.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-11-110-5&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Farzad Eradati f_eradati@sbu.ac.ir 180031947532846008697 180031947532846008697 No Department of Building, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Mansoureh Tahbaz m-tahbaz@sbu.ac.ir 180031947532846008698 180031947532846008698 Yes Building Department, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Azadeh Khaki Ghasr a_khakighasr@sbu.ac.ir 180031947532846008699 180031947532846008699 No Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Omid Rahaei o.rahaei@sru.ac.ir 180031947532846008700 180031947532846008700 No Department of Architectural Technology, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran